Which European firms were hardest hit by COVID-19?
The COVID-19 shock hit firms hard, on average, but how did it hit in the distribution of firms, differently between the high-growth superstars and the firms that were already struggling to survive? This paper implements graphical techniques and quantile regression to analyse the effect of the COVID-19 shock across the distribution of firms.
North Africa Economic Outlook 2023
In 2022, North African countries struggled with the challenges of rising inflation and growth recovery, which have been exacerbated by external shocks, including the long-lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the spillover effects of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The region registered moderate economic growth of 4.1 percent in 2022 against 5.4 percent in 2021.
Public development banks driving gender equality: An overview of practices and measurement frameworks
This publication was jointly prepared by the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) and
the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women).
The publication was led by Vanina Vincensini, UN Women with substantive contributions from Mar Merita Blat, Philippe Galland and Myriam Mesbah from AFD; and Vipul Bhagat, Anna Falth, Robyn Oates and Diana Rusu from UN Women. The authors would like to thank the experts who generously contributed their time and expertise to review the report, including Lizabeth Bronder, Marcelo Giugale, Anna Gollub, Esther Illouz, and Daniel Seymour.
Climate Finance Provided and Mobilised by Developed Countries: Aggregate trends updated with 2019 Data
This report analyses options to make international public climate finance more transformative. This analysis focuses on the use of climate finance for wider catalysation of overall financing for climate finance in developing countries. The report identifies eight sets of levels to drive. Climate action: project-based investments, financial sector reform, fiscal policies, sectoral policies, trade policy, innovation and technology transfer, carbon markets, and climate intelligence.